Azerbaijan, often referred to as the “Land of Fire,” derives this nickname not just from its naturally burning flames and Zoroastrian heritage, but also from the vibrant spirit of its people. The country’s rich history is reflected in its colorful palaces, enduring landmarks, captivating legends, and influential leaders who have shaped its narrative over the centuries. For travelers seeking to explore this fascinating destination, the array of activities, culinary delights, and cultural experiences can be overwhelming. To help you navigate this treasure trove, we’ve curated a list of the Top 10 Things to Do in Azerbaijan.
Begin your adventure at Gobustan National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage site that has been inhabited for thousands of years. Here, you’ll find over 6,000 rock carvings that date back to the Paleolithic era and extend into medieval times. These petroglyphs depict daily life, boats, suns, lions, gazelles, bulls, and wild boars. Among the fascinating features of Gobustan is the Gaval Dash, a unique stone that produces enchanting melodies when pebbles strike its porous limestone surface. Don’t miss the chance to explore this extraordinary site steeped in history.
No visit to Baku is complete without climbing the iconic Maiden Tower. This mysterious structure, standing nearly 30 meters tall in the heart of the Icheri Sheher (Inner City), is a symbol of the capital. The origins and purpose of the tower remain shrouded in mystery, giving rise to numerous local legends that you can learn about from residents. The panoramic views from the top provide a breathtaking perspective of this historic quarter.
Despite its name, the Caspian Sea is actually the world’s largest lake, offering refreshing waters that are less salty than ocean water. Believed to have healing properties, the Caspian Sea is an ideal summer destination. Beach resorts like Nabran feature modern accommodations, wellness centers, and a plethora of water activities, including speedboat rides, yacht excursions, fishing, and scuba diving.
Azerbaijan is home to around 350 of the world’s 800 mud volcanoes, creating a surreal landscape that attracts adventurous travelers. These volcanoes, ranging from 20 to 400 meters in height, offer stunning photo opportunities amidst their cracked mud pools. Unlike traditional lava, the mud is warm but not hot, and is often used for its therapeutic properties. The largest cluster of active volcanoes is located just 10 kilometers south of Gobustan village along the Baku-Alyat road.
Located in Surakhany, near Baku, the Ateshgah Temple is renowned for its naturally burning flame, a phenomenon caused by underground gases meeting oxygen. Once a sacred site for Zoroastrians, the temple was destroyed with the advent of Islam but was later restored in 1713 by Hindu merchants. The remnants of this once-majestic site, including an artificial flame, now stand as a testament to its historical significance.
Constructed between 1761 and 1762 as a summer residence for Husseyn-khan Mushtad, the Sheki Khans’ Palace is a stunning example of medieval Azerbaijani architecture. Notably built without the use of nails, the palace features magnificent stained glass windows made from 5,000 pieces of Venetian glass. Inside, intricate miniature paintings depicting hunting scenes, mythical creatures, and lush gardens adorn the walls, showcasing the artistry that has survived for over two centuries.
Qutab, a beloved Azerbaijani dish, is akin to pizza in its cultural significance. Traditionally, young women were expected to master the art of making qutab before marriage. These thin, crescent-shaped pastries can be filled with a variety of ingredients, including greens, beef, lamb, pumpkin, and cheese. Each region has its own unique twist on the recipe, and enjoying qutab with your hands, dipped in special sauces, is a must for an authentic experience.
Nestled high in the mountains, the village of Khinalug boasts a rich history that dates back to Caucasian Albania. Accessible only since 2006, this ancient settlement appears frozen in time, perched at an altitude of 2,100 to 2,300 meters. The villagers, known as Kyats, believe they are descendants of Japhet, son of Noah, and maintain unique traditions and a distinct language. Their stacked homes create a fascinating community where neighbors often visit through chimneys, offering a glimpse into a truly unique way of life. Khinalug, now a state historical reserve, invites visitors to immerse themselves in its rich cultural tapestry and breathtaking mountainous scenery.
Baku Boulevard, also known as Primorsky Boulevard, is a picturesque seafront promenade that has been delighting visitors for over a century. Following extensive renovations costing over half a billion US dollars, the boulevard has been revitalized while retaining its charm. It’s a favored spot for locals and tourists alike, featuring pleasant walkways, creative landscapes, playful singing fountains, cozy cafes, a cinema, a children’s theater, a parachute tower, and a yacht club. If you’re interested in catching a concert or event, the modern Baku Crystal Hall, built for Eurovision 2012, regularly hosts performances. As night falls, the promenade comes alive, making it a perfect place for an evening stroll. For those seeking tranquility, a climb to Martyr’s Lane offers stunning views of the city and Baku Bay.
In the historic region of Nakhchivan, the remarkable Momine-Khatun Mausoleum stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of one of Azerbaijan’s most revered figures. Commissioned in April 1186 by Atabek Dzhahan Pehlivan in honor of his mother, the intelligent and strong Momine-Khatun, this architectural masterpiece showcases the brilliance of medieval Azerbaijani design. The mausoleum, crafted with intricate details, has withstood the test of time, symbolizing the love of a son for his mother and the wisdom she imparted. As one of the most significant pieces of Azeri architecture, it continues to inspire admiration and respect for the influential role of women in Azerbaijan’s history.
