The Singing Dune, Altyn-Emel National Park

For any tourist visiting the Altyn-Emel National Park, the first thing that comes to mind is the famous Singing Dune.

The Singing Dune, also known as Aigaikum, is the symbol of Altyn-Emel, one of the Seven Wonders of Kazakhstan, a national natural monument, and a unique natural musical instrument. Those who have witnessed this marvel know that it leaves an unforgettable impression. The dune, a steep slope of pure quartz sand with sparse vegetation, stretches over 240 hectares between the Bolshoy and Maly Kalkan mountains. Around 10,000 to 12,000 years ago, constant collisions of eastern and western winds, often called the “Rose of the Winds,” brought vast clouds of sand to the rocky plain, forming this natural wonder.

The dune was dubbed “singing” due to a natural phenomenon where sand grains rub against each other under the influence of the wind, producing sound. Remarkably, despite the centuries, the dune has not shifted from its location. It features two slopes: a southern one, standing at 150 meters, and a northern slope, reaching 100 meters. The dune stretches 3 kilometers in length, and its “song” is a low, resonant, yet powerful hum.

In dry weather, the dune produces a sound reminiscent of a plane’s distant roar or the deep tones of an organ. This sound can even be triggered by simply walking on the sand, which causes it to slide down the dune’s steep face. The Singing Dune is most melodious when the wind blows, making it an extraordinary and rare natural occurrence.

The sands of this region are steeped in folklore and countless legends. In the past, when people did not understand the natural origins of the dune’s “song,” many believed that this was the burial site of the great Genghis Khan. According to legend, the strange sounds were the spirit of the Mongolian ruler trying to recount his legendary deeds to the common people.

Another tale attributes the dune’s creation to the devil, or “shaitan.” As the story goes, the devil took pleasure in causing mischief, spreading conflict, and stirring chaos among people. In punishment, the Almighty stripped him of his ability to move freely, forcing him to walk back to his distant home. Exhausted from the journey, the shaitan fell asleep and turned into a sandy hill. Now he slumbers, but when disturbed, he emits eerie noises, as if he is still restless.

The Singing Dunes of Altyn-Emel even make an appearance in Paulo Coelho’s novel, The Zahir.

Whether drawn by legend or fascinated by nature, the Singing Dune attracts thousands of tourists every year. Everyone who visits Altyn-Emel dreams of conquering this sandy landmark, and the good news is that it’s relatively easy to do. It’s best enjoyed in good company and with the guidance of knowledgeable tour guides. From the top of the dune, you are rewarded with breathtaking panoramic views: the winding Ili River, the peaks of the Dzhungarian Alatau, the Ketmen mountain range, and the stunning surrounding valley. Walking along the crest of this shifting giant is a true adventure—one step could send you tumbling down the dune or balancing on the edge. And, of course, you can capture some incredible photos and videos that are sure to make anyone envious.