Kazakhstan FAQ

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Kazakhstan travel FAQ

Visa matters

Is visa needed to enter Kazakhstan?

Foreign nationals require a visa to enter Kazakhstan, unless their country is included in the visa-free list. 

An additional key requirement upon arrival is registration with the immigration authorities. Depending on your nationality, one of the following three rules will apply:

  • Registration must be completed within 5 days of arrival;
  • Registration is required after 30 days of stay;
  • No registration is necessary, as two stamps are provided on the migration card upon arrival.

To check detailed information about visa and registration regulations in Kazakhstan please check the relevant section on our site here

Do I need to register with authorities?

The key requirement upon arrival to Kazakhstan is registration with the immigration authorities. Depending on your nationality, one of the following three rules will apply:

  • Registration must be completed within 5 days of arrival;
  • Registration is required after 30 days of stay;
  • No registration is necessary, as two stamps are provided on the migration card upon arrival.

Check information here whether your nationality falls under one of these categories.

Can I obtain visa on arrival at Astana/Almaty International Airport?

You can obtain a visa at the international arrivals lounge of Almaty/Astana International Airport, if there are no consular institutions of Kazakhstan in the country of your citizenship. Visa support / LOI (Letter of Invitation) approved by the Ministry of Foreign affairs of Kazakhstan is required to collect Kazakhstan tourist visa upon arrival.

What is a letter of invitation (LOI)?

If you are planning to visit Kazakhstan and your country is not in the visa-free list, you need to apply for Visa Support, also known as Letter of Invitation (LOI), before applying for visa. Visa support is obtained via/from a travel agency. You can apply as early as 3 months, but no later than 20 days before your trip. Application processing time is up to 2 weeks. Approved visa support form is faxed directly to the Kazakh Embassy or Consulate you have indicated in your application. You will receive a reference (telex) number of the approved Kazakhstan Visa Support (LOI). You need to provide it with your visa application.

It is possible to obtain a visa at the international arrivals lounge of Astana and Almaty International Airports, if there is no Kazakhstan Embassy or Consulate in the country.

Check for more info here 

Before Arrival

Is it worth visiting Kazakhstan?

Yes, Kazakhstan is definitely worth visiting. As the ninth-largest country in the world, it offers diverse landscapes ranging from vast steppes to towering mountains, beautiful lakes, and deserts. Adventure enthusiasts will find plenty of opportunities for hiking, trekking, and exploring the natural beauty of the country, especially in places like the Altai Mountains and Charyn Canyon.

Culturally, Kazakhstan has a rich history, being a key part of the ancient Silk Road. Visitors can explore its vibrant cities like Almaty and Astana, enjoy Kazakh hospitality, and experience the country’s blend of modernity and tradition.

Additionally, the local cuisine, nomadic heritage, and unique experiences like staying in a yurt make Kazakhstan a unique destination for any traveler.

What is the best season to travel to Kazakhstan?

The best season to travel to Kazakhstan depends on what you want to experience. For most travelers, the ideal time is late spring (May to June) and early autumn (September to October). During these months, the weather is mild, making it perfect for exploring Kazakhstan’s outdoor attractions like the mountains, steppes, and national parks. Summer (July to August) can be hot, especially in the southern regions, but it’s ideal for trekking and visiting places like Almaty and the lakes. Winter (November to March) is perfect for snow sports enthusiasts, with skiing and snowboarding options in the mountains around Almaty. However, be prepared for cold temperatures. Each season offers something unique, making Kazakhstan a year-round destination depending on your interests.

Are there any clothing limitations for foreigners in Kazakhstan?

In general, Kazakhstan is a culturally diverse country with a relatively liberal approach to clothing, especially in urban areas. Foreigners are not subject to strict clothing limitations; however, it’s advisable to dress modestly, particularly in rural areas or when visiting religious sites.

For women, this means wearing clothing that covers the shoulders and knees. In cities like Almaty and Astana, casual wear is acceptable, but it’s a good idea to avoid overly revealing outfits. Men can typically wear casual clothing, but it’s best to steer clear of shorts in more conservative settings.

When visiting mosques or other religious sites, both men and women should ensure their attire is respectful, which often includes covering the head for women. Overall, dressing modestly and being aware of cultural norms will help foster a positive experience while traveling in Kazakhstan.

 

Which touristic sights require special permission?

In Kazakhstan, while most historical monuments and tourist sites are accessible without special permission, a few locations do require prior authorization for entry. Notable among these are:

  1. Baikonur Cosmodrome: This is a major space launch facility and visiting requires special permits due to its strategic importance.

  2. Semipalatinsk Polygon: Formerly used for nuclear testing, this area is restricted and visitors need special permission to enter.

  3. Dzungarian Alatau: This mountain range, known for its stunning landscapes and biodiversity, may also require permits for access, particularly in protected areas.

For travelers wishing to explore these unique sites, it’s essential to arrange permissions in advance, often through local tour operators or government channels.

Do you make tailor-made tours?

Certainly! If you have particular interests or ideas for activities that our existing tours don’t encompass, we invite you to reach out with your concepts. We’re committed to crafting an experience that aligns with your vision. Your unique requests not only challenge us but often inspire new, enduring tour offerings. We look forward to collaborating with you to create your ideal journey.

How much money can I bring into/out of Kazakhstan?

When traveling to and from Kazakhstan, it’s important to be aware of the currency regulations. You can bring up to $10,000 USD (or its equivalent in other currencies) into the country without declaring it. If you plan to carry more than this amount, you must declare the full amount upon entry.

When exiting Kazakhstan, the same rule applies: you can take out up to $10,000 USD without declaration. However, if you wish to leave with more than this amount, you will need to provide documentation proving the source of the funds, such as bank statements or currency exchange receipts.

Always check for the most current regulations before your trip, as policies can change.

After Arrival

Can I drink alcohol in Kazakhstan?

Yes, you can drink alcohol in Kazakhstan, and it is widely available in restaurants, bars, and shops. The country produces a variety of alcoholic beverages, including vodka, beer, and wine. However, there are a few important points to keep in mind:

  1. Legal Age: The legal drinking age in Kazakhstan is 18 years. You may be asked to show identification if you appear younger.

  2. Cultural Sensitivity: While drinking is common in social settings, it’s important to be respectful of local customs and traditions, especially in more rural areas or among individuals who may not drink for religious or cultural reasons.

  3. Public Consumption: Drinking alcohol in public places may be frowned upon, so it’s best to enjoy beverages in private settings or designated establishments.

Overall, while drinking alcohol is permissible, exercising moderation and respect for local customs is advisable.

Is it safe to drink tap water?

Drinking tap water in Kazakhstan is generally not considered safe, especially in rural areas and smaller cities. It is advisable to avoid consuming tap water and instead opt for bottled water, which is widely available and affordable.

While some urban areas, like Almaty and Astana (Nur-Sultan), may have better water treatment systems, the quality can still vary, and it’s best to err on the side of caution. If you need to use tap water for cooking or brushing your teeth, consider boiling it first or using a water purifier. Always check local advice regarding water safety when traveling to different regions of the country.

Can I smoke in Kazakhstan?

Yes, smoking is allowed in Kazakhstan, but there are restrictions in place. Smoking is prohibited in enclosed public spaces, including restaurants, cafes, public transport, and government buildings. Designated smoking areas are typically available in some venues.

In addition, there are restrictions on advertising tobacco products, and the legal age for purchasing tobacco is 18. As a visitor, it’s essential to respect local regulations and be mindful of designated smoking areas to ensure compliance and consideration for non-smokers.

What is it recommended to eat?

Kazakhstan offers a rich and diverse culinary landscape influenced by its nomadic heritage and various cultural traditions. Here are some recommended dishes to try during your visit:

  1. Beshbarmak: This is the national dish of Kazakhstan, consisting of boiled meat (usually lamb or beef) served over flat noodles, topped with onion sauce. It is traditionally eaten with hands.

  2. Kazy: A type of sausage made from horse meat, kazy is a delicacy often served during festive occasions. It has a unique flavor and is usually accompanied by other dishes.

  3. Plov: A flavorful rice dish cooked with meat (often lamb), carrots, and spices, plov is a popular meal across Central Asia.

  4. Manti: These are steamed dumplings filled with minced meat (usually lamb or beef) and onions. They are often served with sour cream or tomato sauce.

  5. Samsa: Savory pastries filled with meat, potatoes, or pumpkin, samsa are baked in a tandoor and make for a delicious snack.

  6. Kumis: A traditional fermented drink made from mare’s milk, kumis is slightly alcoholic and has a unique taste.

  7. Baursaks: These are deep-fried dough balls that are typically served as a dessert or snack and can be enjoyed with tea.

  8. Shashlik: Skewered and grilled meat, shashlik is commonly enjoyed at outdoor gatherings and barbecues.

Exploring these dishes will give you a taste of Kazakhstan’s rich culinary heritage!

Do I need cash in Kazakhstan? Can I pay there using my credit card?

Yes, you can use credit cards in Kazakhstan, particularly in major cities like Almaty and Astana. Most hotels, restaurants, and shops accept international credit cards such as Visa and MasterCard. However, it’s advisable to carry some cash, especially when traveling to rural areas or smaller towns, where card payment options may be limited. ATMs are widely available in urban areas, and they usually accept foreign cards for cash withdrawals. Always inform your bank before traveling to ensure your card works abroad and to avoid any issues with transactions.

What is the local currency?

The local currency in Kazakhstan is the Kazakhstani Tenge, abbreviated as KZT. The Tenge is further subdivided into 100 tiyn. Banknotes are available in denominations of 1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, and 100,000 tenge. It’s advisable to familiarize yourself with the currency exchange rates and to have some cash on hand, as not all places accept credit cards, particularly in rural areas.

 

How to stay connected in Kazakhstan?

Staying connected in Kazakhstan is relatively easy, with several options available:

  1. Local SIM Cards: Purchasing a local SIM card is one of the most convenient ways to stay connected. Major mobile operators like Kcell, Beeline, and Tele2 offer prepaid plans with various data options. You can buy a SIM card at airports, mobile shops, or kiosks in cities.

  2. Wi-Fi Access: Many hotels, cafes, and restaurants provide free Wi-Fi, allowing you to connect your devices without using mobile data. Larger cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan have numerous spots with reliable internet access.

  3. International Roaming: If you prefer to keep your current phone number, check with your home mobile provider about international roaming options. This can be more expensive, but it allows you to use your existing plan while traveling.

  4. VPN Services: Some websites and apps may be restricted in Kazakhstan. Using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) can help you access these services securely.

  5. Messaging Apps: Apps like WhatsApp, Viber, and Telegram are widely used in Kazakhstan for messaging and calling, allowing you to stay in touch with friends and family without incurring high costs.

What souvenirs to bring from Turkmenistan?

Kazakhstan offers a variety of unique souvenirs that reflect its rich culture and heritage. Here are some popular items to consider bringing home:

  1. Kazakh Carpets: Handwoven carpets and rugs, known for their intricate patterns and vibrant colors, make for beautiful and meaningful decor.

  2. Traditional Clothing: Items like shapan (a traditional robe) or takiya (a felt cap) are not only stylish but also represent the local culture.

  3. Jewelry: Silver and gold jewelry, often adorned with traditional Kazakh designs, is a great way to take a piece of Kazakhstan’s craftsmanship home.

  4. Dombra: This traditional musical instrument is a symbol of Kazakh culture. A miniature dombra can serve as a decorative item or a unique gift.

  5. Kazakh Tea and Tea Sets: Bring home some local tea blends, along with beautifully crafted tea sets, to share a taste of Kazakhstan with family and friends.

  6. Sweets and Dried Fruits: Traditional sweets, such as baursaks (fried dough balls) or kurt (dried cheese balls), as well as dried fruits, make for delicious and lightweight souvenirs.

  7. Nomadic Artifacts: Look for items inspired by the nomadic lifestyle, like leather goods, felt products, or items made from natural materials.

  8. Artworks and Crafts: Local artists create beautiful paintings, sculptures, and handicrafts that showcase Kazakhstan’s landscapes and traditions.

  9. Kazakhstani Spirits: If you enjoy spirits, consider bringing back kumys (fermented mare’s milk) or local vodka for a taste of the region.

General Questions

Moving around Kazakhstan

  • Domestic Flights: Given Kazakhstan’s size, flying is often the quickest way to cover long distances. Major airlines like Air Astana, SCAT Airlines, and Qazaq Air offer regular domestic flights connecting major cities such as Almaty, Nur-Sultan (Astana), Shymkent, and Atyrau.
  • Trains: The railway network in Kazakhstan is extensive, covering over 15,000 km. It’s a popular and economical way to travel between cities. Train journeys can range from a few hours to a day, depending on the route. The national operator, Kazakhstan Temir Zholy, offers various classes of service.
  • Buses: While less popular for long distances, buses are available for intercity travel. Major routes can be booked in advance through companies like Saparzhai-Astana. The journey may take longer than by train but is often cost-effective.
  • Marshrutkas: These are shared minibuses that operate on fixed routes within cities and between towns, providing a convenient and affordable option for shorter distances.
  • Metro: Almaty has a modest metro system that can help you navigate the city quickly.
  • Buses and Taxis: Cities like Almaty and Nur-Sultan have well-developed bus networks, and taxis are readily available. You can use apps like Yandex.Taxi for easy booking.
  • Self-Driving: If you prefer to explore independently, consider renting a car. However, be prepared for long drives and ensure you have a valid international driver’s license. Road conditions can vary, especially in rural areas.
  • Alternative Option: Hitchhiking is common and generally safe in Kazakhstan, especially in rural areas. However, it may not be suitable for everyone, particularly solo female travelers.

What is the voltage in Kazakhstan?

In Kazakhstan, the standard electrical voltage is 220 V. If you’re traveling with devices that operate on 110/120 V, typically used in countries like the United States, you’ll need a step-down voltage converter to safely use your appliances. This converter adjusts the 220/240 V electricity to match the voltage requirements of your device.

When selecting a converter, it’s crucial to consider the wattage and circuitry of your appliance. Ensure that the converter’s capacity exceeds the wattage of your device to avoid any electrical mishaps. Additionally, it’s a good idea to check if your devices have dual voltage capabilities, as many modern gadgets are designed to work with both 110/120 V and 220/240 V, eliminating the need for a converter.

Remember to also bring the appropriate plug adapter, as the socket types may differ from those in your home country. 

What language do people speak?

In Kazakhstan, the two official languages are Kazakh and Russian. Kazakh is the state language and is part of the Turkic language family. It is spoken primarily by ethnic Kazakhs and is used in government, education, and media. The language was traditionally written in the Cyrillic script but is gradually transitioning to the Latin alphabet, which is expected to be fully implemented by 2025.

Russian is widely spoken and serves as a lingua franca, especially in urban areas and among the ethnic Russian population. It is commonly used in business, government, and everyday communication. Many Kazakhs are bilingual, speaking both Kazakh and Russian fluently, making communication accessible for Russian speakers.

In major cities, you’ll find signs in both Kazakh and Russian, with some tourist areas also providing information in English.