Funeral traditions in Armenia are deeply rooted in the country’s Christian faith, cultural heritage, and strong sense of community. The rituals surrounding death are a profound reflection of the Armenian people’s respect for the deceased and their belief in the continuity of the soul. These traditions have been shaped by centuries of history, influenced by the Armenian Apostolic Church, and enriched by local customs passed down through generations.
When a person passes away, the family immediately begins preparations for the funeral, which typically takes place within one to three days. It is common for friends, neighbors, and extended family to gather at the home of the deceased to offer their condolences and support. The body is usually washed, dressed in formal or favorite clothing, and laid out in a coffin, either at home or in a funeral hall. Candles are placed near the body, symbolizing the light of the soul and the hope of resurrection.
The wake, known as “hokehatuk,” is an emotional and solemn occasion, during which loved ones pay their respects, pray, and share memories of the departed. This gathering is not only a way to mourn but also to celebrate the person’s life. Priests from the Armenian Apostolic Church often lead prayers and hymns, offering blessings and reading passages from the Bible. These prayers are meant to guide the soul on its journey to the afterlife and to bring comfort to the grieving family.
The funeral procession is a significant part of the ceremony. Traditionally, it begins at the home and proceeds to the church for a memorial service, followed by the burial at a nearby cemetery. The casket is carried by male relatives or close friends, and mourners follow on foot or by car. During the church service, known as the “mas,” the priest performs rites to commend the soul to God’s care, invoking peace and forgiveness for the departed. The ceremony is marked by choral singing, the scent of incense, and the solemn tolling of bells.
At the cemetery, the final prayers are offered before the body is lowered into the grave. In some regions, it is customary for a close relative to place a handful of soil into the grave as a last farewell. Flowers and wreaths are laid on the grave, and sometimes a small meal or offering is made in honor of the deceased. Gravestones in Armenian cemeteries are often elaborately carved, bearing the cross and inscriptions in Armenian script.
Following the burial, it is customary for the mourners to gather for a memorial meal called “hokejash.” This meal is a vital component of the funeral tradition, symbolizing the connection between the living and the dead. It usually takes place either at the family’s home or in a restaurant and features traditional Armenian dishes. The food is served in silence or accompanied by prayers, with one empty seat and plate left at the table to honor the deceased’s presence.
Commemoration does not end with the burial. In Armenian tradition, memorial services are held on the 7th and 40th days after death, and then annually. The 40th day is particularly significant, as it is believed that the soul completes its earthly journey and enters the afterlife. Families gather for another hokejash, visit the grave, and attend church services.