The Kakhetians are the indigenous inhabitants of the Kakheti region, a cultural and historical heartland of Georgia. Throughout the centuries, the Kakhetian people have faced numerous adversaries and invasions, yet they have remarkably preserved their distinct language, rich culture, and vibrant traditions.
Historically, Kakheti was part of the ancient Kingdom of Iberia before it became integrated into the Principality of Iberia. By the latter half of the 8th century, however, Arab historians began to differentiate between Iberia and Kakheti, recognizing its unique identity.
In the midst of conflicts with Arab invaders, a notable prince named Grigol rose to power, seizing control of Kakheti and establishing a bishopric-duchy governed by both a prince and a chorbishop (a lesser bishop). Shortly after, Prince David of Kakheti successfully reclaimed the crown and declared Telavi as the new capital. He also extended his rule over the neighboring region of Hereti, proclaiming himself King of Kakheti and Hereti.
As the 12th century dawned, Georgian King David the Builder (circa 1089–1125) incorporated Kakheti into his expansive Kingdom of Georgia. However, this unified kingdom eventually succumbed to anarchy, fracturing into five semi-independent principalities and three independent kingdoms, one of which was Kakheti itself.
From the early 16th century until the early 19th century, the kingdoms of Kakheti and Kartli faced intermittent invasions by Iran. A particularly devastating event occurred in 1616 when Shah Abbas deported over one hundred thousand Kakhetians to Iran. Remarkably, a distinct community of Kakhetian Georgians still resides in Iran today, managing to preserve their native language and customs despite their separation from their homeland.
The 18th century marked a significant turning point when the kingdoms of Kakheti and Kartli were united under the rule of King Erekle II, a pivotal figure in both Kakhetian and Georgian history. A monument honoring King Erekle now stands proudly in the center of Telavi, a testament to his enduring legacy. In 1801, the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti was annexed by the Russian Empire, leading to further changes in the region’s governance.
For a brief period between 1918 and 1921, Kakheti was part of the independent Democratic Republic of Georgia before being absorbed into the USSR along with the rest of the nation. Since Georgia’s independence in 1991, Kakheti has been recognized as a distinct region within the Republic of Georgia, with Telavi serving as its administrative center.
Despite facing seemingly insurmountable challenges, the Kakhetian people have never lost their indomitable spirit. To this day, they continue to uphold their ancient winemaking traditions and are renowned for their warm hospitality, greeting guests with genuine smiles and open hearts.