National Turkmen Carpet Museum

Situated in the heart of Ashgabat, adjacent to the State Association of Turkmen Hali, the National Carpet Museum is a vibrant testament to Turkmenistan’s rich weaving heritage. Established by presidential decree in 1993, this museum is dedicated to preserving, celebrating, and advancing the age-old tradition of Turkmen carpet weaving.

The origins of carpet weaving remain shrouded in mystery, but evidence suggests that this art form has been practiced in Turkmenistan for centuries. Archaeological finds, such as loom tools from the 4th to 3rd centuries BC and 2nd-century BC bronze carpet knives uncovered in the Sumbar Valley, highlight the deep-rooted history of this craft.

The first written account of Turkmen carpets comes from the 13th-century Italian explorer Marco Polo, who praised their exquisite beauty, calling them «the most delicate and beautiful in the world.» This acclaim has been echoed by many, affirming Turkmen carpets’ reputation for their unparalleled beauty and durability.

In Turkmenistan, the significance of these carpets is celebrated annually on Carpet Day, a festival dedicated to this cultural symbol. The national flag features five distinctive «gul» patterns, emblematic designs found in Turkmen carpets, which symbolize unity and represent the Akhalteke, Salyr, Ersary, Chovdur, and Yomut tribes. These motifs, which also adorn the national emblem, signify the strength and friendship of the Turkmen people.

The National Carpet Museum, spanning 15,000 square meters, is a treasure trove of this heritage. It houses exhibition halls, production areas, scientific research departments, storage facilities, and conference rooms. The museum’s scientific wing is crucial for the restoration and scholarly examination of carpets, encompassing various types, from the renowned Esari rugs to the famous Tekke carpets.