Ekedishik

Ekedeshik, meaning «one opening» in Turkmen, is an extraordinary ancient cave city nestled in the oasis region of Tagtabazar. This unique site, recognized as a State Historical and Architectural Reserve, stands as a testament to the architectural ingenuity of the past. The massive cave complex, carved into clay sandstone, is notable for its single entrance, which provided both security and isolation.

Located on the left bank of the Murghab River, Ekedeshik is perched 100 meters above the river level. The complex is a two-level labyrinth of cave dwellings, all connected by a long, semi-cylindrical gallery corridor. The intricate layout showcases the skill and effort that went into its creation.

Excavations have revealed that people inhabited these caves as early as the 1st century BCE. The cave city is divided into two levels. The lower levels feature a natural water collection system that gathered water from underground sources, while the upper levels were designated for living spaces, kitchens, halls, and even a rudimentary altar. In total, the cave complex contains 44 rooms. These cave dwellings, carved directly from the rock without the use of any construction materials, are believed to date back to the 14th and 15th centuries. Some of the cave walls feature shelves, possibly used for decoration, indicating that the inhabitants paid attention to both function and aesthetics. Archaeologists suggest that a large number of families once lived in these caves.