What to See in Fergana

Fergana is fascinating not only for its historical significance but also for its unique city layout. The city is designed like a wheel, with a fortress at its center serving as the hub, and the streets radiating out like spokes. During the era of the Russian Empire, numerous official buildings were constructed here, including the governor’s residence, military headquarters, the city treasury and post office, the officer’s assembly, and several schools and gymnasiums. These structures were soon followed by the construction of the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, the city theater, and a garden. These architectural heritage sites were built at the end of the 19th century, reflecting the predominantly two-story building style of Turkestan at the time.

Military Assembly Building

One of the oldest buildings in Fergana is the Military Assembly Building, constructed in 1879 under the direction of architect Sinclair. Over time, several additions were made to the original structure, slightly altering its initial architectural symmetry. Behind the semicircular rotunda lies the city park, adding a scenic backdrop to this historic site.

Military Governor’s Residence

Another significant landmark is the building that once served as the Military Governor’s Residence, now home to the city theater. Construction began in 1879 but was not completed until 1899. This two-story building features two grand entrances and retains much of its original exterior decor, including eclectic elements and a striking white arched facade. The windows are harmoniously integrated into the design, enhancing its historical charm.

Boys’ Gymnasium Building

West of the church square, you’ll find the well-preserved Boys’ Gymnasium. The inner courtyard still features its original iron lattice, showcasing one of Fergana’s most impressive architectural monuments. The gymnasium, alongside the local cinema—an enduring structure from its time of construction—adds to the city’s historical landscape. Initially located between the Governor’s Street, the cinema is notable for its tower-like structures and intricately designed doorways.

Fergana Regional Museum

The famous Fergana Regional Museum, founded in 1894, is one of the city’s oldest attractions. It was initially established following an exhibition showcasing agricultural and industrial achievements. The museum opened to the public five years later, with over 2,000 exhibits at the time. Contributions from the Russian Archaeological and Geographical Societies, among others, helped expand the collection. Today, the museum houses approximately 80,000 exhibits, including decorative items, jewelry, archaeological artifacts, ceramics, and traditional costumes. Many of these items, about 10,000, were discovered in the Fergana Valley. The museum also boasts an extensive archive of documents, household items, and weapons.

Surrounding Areas

Locals cherish the Fergana Valley, often referred to as a jewel or a garden due to its lush landscapes. Most of the valley lies within Uzbekistan, stretching between the Tien Shan mountains and the convergence of the Pamir and Alai ranges. It is the most densely populated area in the region, with travelers passing through numerous villages, small towns, and orchards. Notable cities in the valley include Kokand, Margilan, and Andijan.

Rishtan

About 50 kilometers west of Fergana is the town of Rishtan, famous for its ceramic souvenirs. Local pottery shops offer a wide range of products at reasonable prices, making it a popular destination for tourists seeking authentic crafts.

Karkidon Reservoir

Located 30 kilometers from Rishtan and 22 kilometers from the town of Kuva, the Karkidon Reservoir collects water from mountain rivers. The water is very cold, making the swimming season viable only in July. The area is surrounded by picturesque forests and is home to rare birds such as the dove, white stork, and Afghan starling.