Jizzakh

Jizzakh, a town located at the northern foot of the Nuratau mountains in Uzbekistan, sits in the southern part of the Hungry Steppe near the Sanzar River. Founded in the 10th century, Jizzakh began as a vital staging post on the Silk Road. The trade route passing through Jizzakh was one of the most significant for transporting Ustrushan nephritis, a highly prized stone in the West.

Jizzakh’s location is uniquely picturesque, featuring the imposing Nurata mountains on one side, with the Sanzar River flowing at their base, and the seemingly endless expanse of the Hungry Steppe on the other. This varied landscape combines harsh mountainous terrain with vast, open plains, creating a distinctive natural environment. The region’s favorable geographical conditions supported the establishment of ancient settlements and fortresses, remnants of which can still be found along the Sanzar River today.

In its heyday, Jizzakh was one of the busiest trade cities on the Silk Road. The nearby area of Mirasmand was renowned for its international bazaar, which traded in woolen fabrics, clothing, silk, jewelry, metal items, and Ustrushan nephritis. The region’s rich history of iron ore mining in the Nuratau Mountains is evident in the ancient mining sites and settlements that have survived to this day.

The name Jizzakh is derived from the Sogdian word for a fortress or small fort, reflecting the town’s historical role. Like many cities in Central Asia, Jizzakh has endured numerous conquests and rebuildings. The Mongol invasion nearly obliterated its fortresses, but the town was revived during Tamerlane’s reign, achieving even greater prominence. However, it was later destroyed again during Sheybanikhan’s conquest of Mawarannahr.

Today, Jizzakh offers much to active tourists and adventure enthusiasts. The mountainous woodlands of Zaamin and Bakhmal, with their stunning canyons and rapid mountain streams, provide a paradise for outdoor activities. Whether you’re hiking, exploring ancient ruins, or simply enjoying the natural beauty, Jizzakh is a destination that combines historical depth with scenic wonder.