Jami Mosque

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Jami Mosque in Kokand

Jami Mosque in Kokand

The Jami Mosque stands as a true jewel on Kokand’s Chorsu Square, an indispensable landmark that the citizens of Kokand cherish. This magnificent mosque is so ingrained in the city’s identity that it feels as though it has always been there. Historical records from the 9th to 12th centuries indeed mention a mosque in Kokand located on the same Chorsu Square. However, the original structure was destroyed during the Mongol invasions, along with much of the city.

The Jami Mosque as we know it today was reconstructed in the 19th century. In 1805, Kokand’s ruler, Olim Khan, initiated the construction of a new mosque. However, the project faced opposition when the mosque’s leader protested against using forcibly collected funds from the common people for the construction. The project was halted until 1814 when Olim Khan’s brother, the enlightened and humane Umar Khan, resumed the construction. Umar Khan enlisted a talented architect from Ura-Tube and over 200 skilled builders to complete the project. By 1816, the Jami Mosque was completed, becoming a monumental structure celebrated for its beauty far beyond the borders of Kokand.

The mosque’s vast courtyard is a central feature, with the western part occupied by a khanaka (a lodging for Sufi travelers) and a large aivan (an open hall). The aivan’s roof is supported by 98 intricately painted columns, each a masterpiece with colorful designs accented with gold. The khanaka boasts a high, beautifully painted ceiling, while the mosque’s walls have preserved their delicate ganch carvings.

Surrounding the courtyard are khujdras (small rooms), which served as classrooms, as the mosque also functioned as a madrassah. The madrassah operated until 1918, and the mosque continued to be active until 1930.

At the center of the courtyard stands the mosque’s minaret, rising to a height of 22.5 meters. This stone minaret, made of smooth, circular baked brick, is topped with a faceted dome. The minaret was traditionally used by the muezzin to call the faithful to prayer. According to local legend, it also served as a site for executing criminals and disloyal wives by throwing them from its top. Despite these grim tales, the minaret offers a stunning panoramic view of Kokand.

The beauty and nobility of The Jami Mosque’s architecture align it with the great architectural monuments of Bukhara and Samarkand. The finely painted columns, high ceilings, and detailed carvings make it a masterpiece of Islamic architecture. Visitors can explore the vast courtyard, admire the intricate artistry of the columns and carvings, and climb the minaret for a view of the city.