Barsa-Kelmes Salt Marsh

Barsa-Kelmes was once the bed of a large salt lake, leaving behind enormous salt deposits. The extent of these reserves has never been fully measured, but they are substantial enough to support a salt extraction plant on the marsh’s eastern edge. The salt flats are a critical resource, but they also present a stark, surreal landscape that captivates visitors.

The salt marsh is steeped in local legend. One of the most intriguing tales is of «Shaitan-Kala» or «Devil’s Fortress,» a mythical structure said to emit eerie lights at night. In the mid-20th century, renowned Karakalpakstan explorer Sergey Tolstov embarked on an expedition to verify these stories. On September 14, 1946, Tolstov and his team surveyed the area by air. Despite thorough exploration, they found no evidence of the fabled fortress, leading Tolstov to conclude that the stories were the result of natural optical illusions rather than human activity.

Today, the salt marsh is primarily inhabited by salt miners. Tourists often visit as part of broader tours that include Nukus, Muynak, the Aral Sea, and Sudochie Lake. The most direct route to Barsa-Kelmes is a 200-kilometer drive from Nukus. However, the final stretch requires off-road travel, and the last two kilometers must be navigated on foot due to the unstable ground.

The optimal time to visit Barsa-Kelmes is during the spring or autumn. Early morning or late afternoon visits are recommended to avoid the oppressive midday heat. Travelers should be prepared for the intense sunlight, which reflects off the salt flats with blinding intensity. Essential gear includes hats, sunglasses, and plenty of water.

Exploring Barsa-Kelmes requires caution. The marsh’s surface is dotted with patches of swampland that can be hazardous. It is highly advisable to visit with an experienced guide who can navigate the terrain safely. Despite the challenges, the rewards are substantial: the salt marsh offers stunning, surreal landscapes that are especially vibrant after a light rain.