If you’re eager to uncover the stories of Baku, explore its most iconic artifacts, and immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of Azerbaijan’s past, there’s no better destination than the National Museum of History of Azerbaijan. Located in the heart of Baku, this museum is a treasure trove of cultural heritage, offering a captivating glimpse into the nation’s history, from ancient times to the modern era.
The museum itself is a cultural landmark, housed in a magnificent 19th-century palace built by Gaji Zeynalabdin Tagiev, a renowned philanthropist and oil magnate. After striking oil, Tagiev became one of the wealthiest men in the Russian Empire and commissioned this opulent residence for his second wife. However, following the Soviet occupation of Baku in 1920, Tagiev fled, and his palace was repurposed as a museum. Since its opening to the public in 1921, the museum has grown into one of the most significant cultural institutions in the country.
Today, the National Museum of History of Azerbaijan boasts an impressive collection of over 300,000 artifacts, each telling a unique story of the nation’s past. Among its treasures are historical documents that shaped Azerbaijan’s identity, ancient weapons, intricate jewelry, traditional clothing, exquisite handmade carpets, and rare books. Less than 10% of the museum’s extensive collection is currently on public display, allowing visitors to only sample the vast treasures housed within. The museum’s holdings are continually expanding, with significant additions made over the years. For instance, in 2014, the exhibition was enriched by a remarkable collection of archaeological finds, including gold artifacts dating back 4,000 years.
The first floor of the museum is dedicated to the prehistoric era, showcasing exhibits that highlight the lives of Stone Age humans. Visitors can also explore artifacts from the Bronze Age, approximately 6,000 years ago, as well as pieces from ancient history that span from the 9th century BCE to the 12th century CE. This floor features an array of household items and works of art from Azerbaijan, dating between the 12th and 15th centuries, alongside a section that delves into Azerbaijani science and agriculture from the 16th to 17th centuries.
Ascending to the second floor, guests are greeted by historical exhibitions that cover the latter half of the 18th century to the early 19th century. This section provides insight into the period of Russian occupation from 1801 to 1828, as well as artifacts from Northern Azerbaijan from 1830 to 1870. Visitors can examine items related to the woodworking industry of the 19th century, the art of carpet weaving, silk production, and the economic systems of the time. Additionally, the exhibitions encompass educational and scientific developments, objects from World War I, and sections that discuss the political and military structures of the 21st century.
The Tagiev House, which serves as the primary repository for the museum’s collection, was transformed in 2007 into a memorial apartment museum dedicated to the renowned philanthropist Hajji Tagiev and his family. This unique museum features nine rooms restored to their original state, allowing visitors to step into the past. Among the highlights are Tagiev’s personal study, a library, and a billiard room. The exhibition includes original furniture and personal belongings of Tagiev, offering a glimpse into the life of this influential figure.
Address: 4, Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev str., Baku
Phone: (+994 12) 493-23-87
Working hours: Monday-Saturday from 09:00 a.m. till 06:00 p.m.
Closed: on Sunday