UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Georgia

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UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Georgia

Nestled in the heart of the Caucasus, the enchanting country of Georgia is a treasure trove of cultural heritage that spans millennia. With its ancient architecture, warm hospitality, and vibrant traditions, it’s no surprise that Georgia captured the attention of UNESCO in 1992. Just two years later, in 1994, significant religious sites in two regions of Georgia were granted UNESCO protection, marking the beginning of a fruitful relationship.

Since then, Georgia has actively engaged with UNESCO initiatives, collaborating in the realms of education, science, and culture. The commitment to preserving its rich heritage continues, with dedicated efforts focused on monitoring and maintaining the condition of the country’s World Heritage sites. From the breathtaking medieval churches of Mtskheta to the stunning natural landscapes of Upper Svaneti, Georgia’s cultural and natural treasures continue to captivate and inspire visitors from around the globe.

Under the auspices of UNESCO, Georgia boasts three cultural and historical sites alongside one natural site:

  • Historical Monuments of Mtskheta (included in 1994)
  • Gelati Monastery (included in 1994)
  • Upper Svaneti (included in 1996)
  • Colchic Subtropical Forests and Wetlands (included in 2021)

Historical Monuments of Mtskheta

Step into the ancient world of Mtskheta, where history resonates in every corner. Founded long before the common era, this city holds the distinction of being the birthplace of Christianity in Georgia, dating back to 337 AD. Its most significant landmarks have garnered UNESCO recognition, including the Holy Cross Jvari Monastery, the Samtavro Monastery, and the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral, all of which date from the 6th to the 11th centuries. Immerse yourself in the rich culture and captivating history of this ancient city, where each step transports you deeper into the past.

Gelati Monastery

 

Journey to the heart of Georgia’s architectural golden age at the Gelati Monastery. Founded in the 12th century in Kutaisi, Gelati is a stunning representation of Georgian architectural brilliance. Within the main cathedral, you’ll find the largest collection of Byzantine and post-Byzantine paintings in the country. Moreover, the Gelati Academy, once situated on the monastery’s grounds, was home to some of the era’s greatest intellectuals. Explore the beauty and historical significance of Gelati Monastery, a true gem of Georgian culture.

Upper Svaneti

If you’re seeking a hidden gem for your next adventure, look no further than Upper Svaneti! This breathtaking mountainous region is dotted with charming villages featuring ancient towers and traditional homes. The Svans have inhabited this area for centuries, preserving their unique culture and traditions through the ages. You’ll be awestruck by the stunning vistas of the surrounding mountains and valleys, along with the medieval churches and defensive towers that punctuate the landscape. These towers served not only as residences but also as fortifications against invaders, adding layers to the region’s fascinating history.

Colchic Subtropical Forests and Wetlands

Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands

Georgia offers even more natural wonders with the Colchic subtropical forests and wetlands along the Black Sea coast. This magical ecosystem stretches an impressive 80 kilometers and is home to a rich diversity of flora and fauna, including several endangered species. The tropical forests here are among the oldest broad-leaved forests in the world, while the wetlands provide a vital stopover for millions of migratory birds each year.

In 2007, several cultural heritage sites in Georgia were added to the UNESCO World Heritage tentative list:

  • Alaverdi Cathedral. It is a cathedral dedicated to Saint George, constructed in the 11th century in Telavi. Interestingly, some of the oldest buildings within the complex actually date back to the 6th century.
  • Ananuri Fortress is a remarkable 16th century construction located 70 km away from Tbilisi. This impressive complex comprises of several churches, towers, bell towers, a reservoir, and a spring.
  • David Gareji Monastery Complex. In this area, around 20 cave male monasteries were established in the 6th century. Remarkably, some of the temples still boast frescoes that date back to the 8th century.
  • Dmanisi Archaeological Site. The remains of a hominid – Georgian Man – who lived on this territory 1.75 million years ago, were found here.
  • Gremi. All that remains of the city of Gremi, which was the capital of the Kakheti Kingdom from the 15th century, is the Archangel Michael church (16th century), the royal tower, and parts of baths, houses, temples, and trading complexes.
  • Kvetera. This church was built in the eponymous fortress city in the 10th century and is still active.
  • Mta-Tusheti. This historical region located in Kakheti features medieval housing and the natural landscape of the National Park.
  • Nikortsminda. The early 11th-century Cathedral of St. Nicholas, located in the historical region of Racha, is a notable architectural marvel. The old frescoes in the cathedral are also worth mentioning.
  • Samtavisi. The St. Isidore of Samtavisi Cathedral, located 30 km from Gori, was constructed in the mid-11th century. Today, some fragments of the 17th-century wall painting can still be seen.
  • Shatili Village. This historic village in Mtskheta-Mtianeti has a rich history, with notable medieval towers, residential buildings, and chapels.
  • Historic Centre of Tbilisi. Dating back to the 5th century, this city has an impressive collection of archaeological and cultural-historical monuments. Visitors can explore many buildings from the 6th century, such as the Anchiskhati, Sioni, and Metekhi churches, as well as buildings from the 17th-19th centuries. Of special interest are the old residential quarters.
  • Uplistsikhe. This ancient fortress city, located near the city of Gori, was founded no later than the 4th century BC. Today, no one lives in the city, but there are many interesting architectural structures and artifacts.
  • Vani. Dating back to the 7th century BC, Vani is an ancient city located in Imereti. The site features remnants of residential and defensive structures. Additionally, numerous prehistoric findings from Vani are exhibited in the National Museum of Georgia.
  • Vardzia-Khertvisi. This territory boasts a one-of-a-kind rock monastery dating back to the 12th and 13th centuries, alongside historical monuments from the 8th to the 16th centuries that include churches and the remnants of defensive structures. Furthermore, 17th century BC tombs have been discovered in this area.

Objects Removed from the UNESCO World Heritage List

While Georgia proudly showcases its cultural heritage, it’s important to note that not all sites remain on the UNESCO list. The Bagrati Cathedral, an 11th-century Assumption Cathedral located in Kutaisi, was included in 1994 but removed in 2017 due to concerns over its integrity and authenticity during reconstruction.

The ancient cultural sites of Georgia continue to attract thousands of tourists from around the world each year. Walking through the historic churches of Mtskheta, marveling at the famous Gelati Monastery, or exploring the enchanting landscapes of Upper Svaneti can take hours, yet it’s often impossible to fully grasp the greatness of these sites in just one visit. 

Discover more about Intangible UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Georgia.