Sarykamysh Lake

Today, the lake’s surface area is highly variable, influenced by the flow of collector waters from the Khorezm Oasis. In 1977, the lake covered approximately 1,500 square kilometers with a salinity of about 7%. Since then, its size has expanded to roughly 5,000 square kilometers. The lake stretches between 100 to 120 kilometers in length and 30 to 40 kilometers in width, with an average depth of 8.2 meters. The lowest points of the Sarykamysh Depression drop to 40.5 meters below sea level. On the eastern shore, there is a mineral thermal water spring that adds to the lake’s unique features.

Lake Sarykamysh is a vital habitat for a diverse range of bird species and fish. It is home to swans, magpies, spoonbills, pelicans, geese, ducks, and, in recent years, flamingos. The lake’s fish population includes species such as carp, catfish, silver carp, pike perch, crucian carp, and eel. The fish population’s health and distribution depend on the lake’s salinity levels. The Uzbek side of the lake, being more saline, primarily supports shrimp, which are a key food source for adult fish. Conversely, the Turkmen side, with its fresher water, is where fish live and spawn. Adult fish migrate to the saltier part for feeding, but are often caught by local fishermen from Karakalpakstan.

Traveling to Lake Sarykamysh from Muynak takes about 5 to 6 hours. The surrounding landscape is predominantly beige and arid, making any greenery a striking contrast against the otherwise monotone environment.