Zangiata Mausoleum

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Zangiata Mausoleum

Zangiata Mausoleum near Tashkent
Zangiata Mausoleum near Tashkent

Located within the serene village of Zangiata, a mere 15 kilometers from Tashkent, lies a revered sanctuary that has stood the test of time—the Zangiata Mausoleum. This sacred edifice serves as the final resting place of the venerated Muslim Sheikh Ai-Khodja and his spouse. Sheikh Ai-Khodja, a prominent figure of the 13th century, was affectionately known as «Zangiata,» which translates to «dark father,» a moniker derived from his distinctive dark complexion. He and his wife were devout disciples of the esteemed Sufi leader Ahmed Yasawi, who commanded the respect of all Turkic tribes across Central Asia.

The construction of the Zangiata Mausoleum dates back to the era of Timur’s reign. According to legend, Timur initially commissioned the reconstruction of a mausoleum in Turkestan to honor the Muslim saint Ahmed Yassavi of Kazakhstan. However, the walls of the intended mausoleum persistently crumbled, halting progress. It was only after Timur experienced a revelatory dream, in which Yassavi himself instructed him to first honor Zangiata, that the construction successfully commenced. Following the completion of the Zangiata Mausoleum, the mausoleum dedicated to Ahmed Yassavi in Turkestan was finally erected.

Over the centuries, the Zangiata complex has undergone significant expansions. In the 18th century, a madrasah and mosque were added, along with a finished patio. The dawn of the 20th century witnessed the construction of a minaret, further enhancing the site’s grandeur. Today, the mausoleum is encircled by a lush garden and is part of a monumental complex that spans from the 14th to the 19th centuries, including the Madrasah (18th-19th centuries), Mosque (1870), Minaret (1914-1915), and an ancient cemetery.

The Zangiata Mausoleum is one of the most frequented holy sites in Tashkent. It is woven into the fabric of local tradition, where families from Tashkent embark on a pilgrimage every twelve years, in accordance with the «muchal yili» or the twelve-year cycle of the Eastern calendar. This pilgrimage is marked by charitable giving, a gesture of reverence and community spirit. The customary offering includes two meters of white cloth, a white handkerchief, a pack of tea, a kilogram of refined sugar, and all the necessary ingredients to prepare the traditional pilaf—rice, meat, oil, carrots, onions, and four pieces of the iconic Uzbek bread «lepeshka