Hrazdan

The city of Hrazdan, as we know it today, did not exist before the 20th century. Instead, the area was dotted with scattered settlements known since at least the 1st century CE. Throughout its history, the region passed through Armenian and Persian hands, and later endured invasions by Seljuk Turks and Mongol forces.

In the southern part of what is now Hrazdan once stood the village of Akhta—also called Nerkin Akhta. In 1959, this settlement was incorporated into the newly designated urban-type community of Hrazdan. The name of the town came from the river flowing through it from north to south. Interestingly, the name “Hrazdan” derives from Middle Persian and has links to Zoroastrian mythology. It is remarkable that the name has survived the passage of centuries.

In 1963, several nearby villages were added to the settlement, expanding it into a city. Construction began on a large scale, with the goal of transforming it into one of the Armenian SSR’s major urban centers.

Today, Hrazdan serves as the administrative heart of Kotayk Province. It was established as an industrial city and has remained one ever since. Its location in the foothills led to the development of the Hrazdan iron ore deposit, around which industry grew. The city is home to several major factories, including those producing cement, metal structures, and machine tools. During the Soviet period, the Akhpyurak Reservoir was created on the Hrazdan River. This project enabled the construction of the Argel Hydropower Plant and the most powerful thermal power station in Armenia. The city also draws on solar energy: in 2017, neighboring Tsaghkadzor became home to Armenia’s first commercial solar power plant.

Hrazdan welcomes tourists, too. Some come to relax at Lakes Hrazdan and Tsovinar, while others stay briefly before heading to the ski slopes of Tsaghkadzor or to Lake Sevan—the “Armenian Sea.”

The city is among the wettest in Armenia, frequently bathed in rain. Yet the mild summer climate balances this out; even in August, the warmest month, average highs stay around 23°C.

Located just 50 kilometers from Yerevan, Hrazdan is easily accessible by public transportation. Minibus No. 270 departs from the Yerevan metro station Yeritasardakan, and the ride takes about an hour. From Friday to Sunday, a Yerevan–Shorzha–Yerevan train also stops in Hrazdan, with a travel time of roughly two hours.

One of the main places of leisure for both locals and visitors is the Akhpyurak Reservoir, which includes Lakes Hrazdan and Tsovinar. The name Tsovinar appears often in the city. One such mention is the “Tsovinar” restaurant, designed by architect Rafael Israelyan, which offers sweeping views of the lakes. The building’s foundation follows the contours of the terrain and resembles a natural rock formation. From the restaurant’s balcony, one can see both the water and a nearby sculpture—also dubbed Tsovinar by the public. Originally titled “Long Live the Blue and Clear Sky!”, the monument was erected in 1985 to commemorate the 40th anniversary of victory in World War II. It depicts a woman rising from the water. The name Tsovinar fits just as well—it refers to the ancient goddess of water, seas, and rain.

The nearest green space to the lakes is also named Tsovinar Park. It features a memorial dedicated to those who served in World War II, along with a sundial. Another green space, Charles Aznavour Park—or simply the city park—is more like a wooded grove. It’s a popular spot for picnics and casual strolls, shaded by tall trees.

Near the park is the Hrazdan Art Gallery, a branch of the National Gallery of Armenia. Its exhibitions focus on contemporary Armenian art, with works by Paravon Mirzoyan, Hovhannes Sharambeyan, Lusik Aguletsi, and others. Just steps away is the Hrazdan Museum of Local History. Its exhibits are divided into four sections: archaeological, medieval, ethnographic, and modern/contemporary. The museum also hosts temporary exhibits and public lectures on historical topics.

Hrazdan is home to several old churches, though some have suffered greatly with time. In the Kakavadzor district stands the Church of Surb Astvatsatsin (Holy Mother of God), built between the 18th and 19th centuries. In Akhpyurak, the Church of Surb Stepanos, dating from the 10th to 12th centuries, is reduced to partial ruins. By contrast, the Makravank Monastery has survived in better condition. Built between the 10th and 13th centuries, the complex includes the churches of the Holy Virgin and the Holy Savior, a medieval cemetery, and numerous khachkars (carved cross-stones). Some of the khachkars are located higher on the hillside, from which you can view both Makravan district and the high-rise blocks of central Hrazdan.

Only 8 kilometers from Hrazdan lies Tsaghkadzor, Armenia’s most popular ski resort, with 15 ski runs. But the town offers more than winter sports. It also houses the Orbeli Brothers Museum, dedicated to the lives and scientific legacy of these prominent Soviet scholars. The museum is divided into two sections: a memorial and an educational exhibition. One of its treasures is the Orbeli family’s vast library.

Another significant site in Tsaghkadzor is the Kecharis Monastery, built between the 11th and 13th centuries. Remarkably, four churches, two chapels, an altar, and a cemetery with khachkars have all survived. The Church of Saint Gregory the Illuminator now serves as the cathedral for the bishop of the Kotayk Diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Only a 30-minute drive from Hrazdan lies Lake Sevan, the largest body of water in the South Caucasus. The lake is perfect for walks, swimming, or even diving. A cultural highlight is the visit to Sevanavank Monastery, perched atop a hill. The climb is well worth the effort: from the summit, one enjoys sweeping views of the lake. Nearby stands the Writers’ Union Creative House, considered a prime example of 20th-century avant-garde architecture. Its dining hall was designed to appear as though it hovers above the cliffs.