Flora of Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan’s flora is a rich tapestry of ancient forests, subtropical regions, and scenic landscapes, showcasing a diverse array of rare and timeless plant species. The country is home to over 2,500 different plant species, with approximately 700 thriving within the vast expanse of the Kara Kum Desert alone. Among the most notable is the ancient juniper, known locally as Turkmen archa, which has been growing for around 2,000 years on the rugged peaks of the Kopet Dagh mountains. Additionally, the Unabi Grove (also called Kugitang) boasts trees that have stood for over two centuries.

In the Ajdere Gorge of Karakala, you can find the legendary Shakhoz, or King of Nuts, a remarkable tree that has been growing for 500 years. Another extraordinary nut grove is situated in Ipaikala. Additionally, the Badkhyza pistachio savanna in Kugitang is renowned for its century-old pistachio trees, offering a stunning and rare natural spectacle. The foothills of the Kopet Dagh are home to approximately 1,700 plant species, making it the largest collection of plant life in Central Asia.

The desert’s flora includes the ancient black saxaul, a resilient species that has managed to endure in the Yeradzhin Nature Reserve. This enduring vegetation highlights the remarkable adaptability and historical depth of Turkmenistan’s plant life.