Kupkari

Kupkari: The Pulse-Pounding Equestrian Tradition of Uzbekistan

In the heart of Central Asia, a tradition as old as the steppes themselves captures the essence of skill, bravery, and community. It’s called Kupkari, also known as kopkari, ulak, or buzkashi, a team competition that showcases the prowess of real dzhigits—master horsemen. The term ‘Kupkari’ is derived from the Turkic word «kup,» meaning «many,» and the Persian «kari,» meaning «work» or «case.» This sport is a testament to the skill and bravery of the dzhigits, the master horsemen of Central Asia, who compete with fervor and pride. 

In Uzbekistan, Kupkari, also referred to as ulak, is a game where skilled riders vie for the honor of carrying a goat or sheep carcass across a goal line. This game is deeply embedded in the cultural fabric, often coinciding with spring and autumn festivities, including weddings and the celebrated spring festival of Navruz. It’s a time when courageous riders from various regions come together, united by tradition and competition. The objective is to carry a goat or sheep carcass across a goal line, a task that requires strength, agility, and exceptional horsemanship.

Preparation for Kupkari is meticulous. Competitors select robust, compact horses known for their stamina, essential for the swift retrieval of the fallen carcass during the intense clashes of the game. Riders don traditional protective gear, including headgear and quilted cotton garments, to shield themselves from the inevitable lashes of opponents’ whips—a permitted part of the contest.

The game begins with the placement of the animal carcass at the center of a circle formed by the horsemen. A respected elder or village leader signals the start, and the riders then strive to grab the carcass and race to the finish line, all while defending their prize from rivals. The rules prohibit attacking from behind and deliberately unseating another rider, ensuring a fair competition.

Safety is paramount; riders steer clear of spectators to prevent accidental harm, and audience participation is strictly forbidden. The triumphant rider who first crosses the finish line with the trophy in hand is awarded a prize. In times past, rewards included vibrant rugs and livestock; today, they range from modern appliances to vehicles, reflecting the evolution of the sport.

Kupkari remains a vibrant testament to Uzbekistan’s equestrian heritage. While the prizes have modernized, the spirit of the game endures, a celebration of community, skill, and the enduring bond between horse and rider. This article, enriched with historical context and contemporary insights, offers a window into the thrilling world of Kupkari, a sport that continues to galvanize and inspire, echoing the heartbeat of Uzbekistan’s rich cultural legacy.