Discovered in 1939 on the lowest terrace of the Shirvanshah Palace Complex, the palace bath is an impressive archaeological find, revealing a vast underground facility comprising 26 rooms. This intricate structure was designed with two distinct groups of rooms: one set for undressing and the other designated for bathing. The underground location of the bath provided a cozy environment, free from drafts and maintaining a warm atmosphere, making it an ideal retreat.
So, how did these medieval baths operate? The process was quite sophisticated for its time. Water from a nearby reservoir was channeled into a boiler house, where it was heated and then distributed through a network of ceramic pipes. This reservoir was replenished by natural underground springs, ensuring a steady supply of water.
Adjacent to the bathing rooms were separate reservoirs for both cold and hot water, enhancing the bathing experience. A specially constructed fire chamber beneath the hot water reservoir facilitated the heating process, with steam ducts running under the floors of the bathing rooms to provide warmth.
Within the bathing areas, archaeologists uncovered small circular pools and niches designed for footwear, adding to the functionality of the space. The walls of the bath were adorned with exquisite ornamental majolica, showcasing the artistic craftsmanship of the era.
Historically, the bath served a purpose far beyond mere cleanliness; it was a vibrant social hub where people gathered to wash, converse, negotiate, and meet friends. The tradition of communal bathing fostered a sense of community and connection among the residents.
In addition to the palace bath, several other medieval baths can be found in the old sector of the city, with some still in operation today. These enduring establishments continue to reflect the rich cultural heritage and social practices of the time, inviting visitors to step back into a world where bathing was both a ritual and a communal experience.
