Saint George’s Day, known locally as Giorgoba, is a deeply cherished public holiday in Georgia, held in honor of the martyrdom of Saint George, the revered patron saint of the nation. This significant day is more than just a religious observance—it is a celebration that unites the Georgian people around their cultural identity, historical roots, and Orthodox Christian faith.
Saint George, a Greek soldier from Cappadocia and a guard in the Roman army under Emperor Diocletian, became a symbol of unwavering faith when he was sentenced to death for embracing Christianity. Refusing to renounce his beliefs, he suffered brutal torture and execution, ultimately becoming one of the most venerated saints in Orthodox Christianity. Today, Saint George is honored as the protector of warriors, knights, and soldiers, and his legacy of courage and sacrifice continues to inspire generations.
One of the most enduring legends associated with Saint George is that of the dragon slayer—a tale in which he defeats a ferocious beast demanding human lives. This story, rich with symbolism, represents the triumph of good over evil, and has become a central image in Christian iconography, where Saint George is often depicted mounted on horseback, vanquishing the dragon with a spear.
Although it is a common misconception, Georgia’s name is not derived from Saint George. Instead, the English name of the country is thought to stem from the Persian word “gurj” or “gurjān”, meaning “wolf,” which evolved into the term “guru” before being anglicized. Regardless of this etymological distinction, the devotion of the Georgian people to Saint George is undeniable.
Their veneration of the saint dates back to the early Middle Ages, and there are said to be 365 churches across Georgia dedicated to Saint George—one for each day of the year. His first appearance as a national symbol is believed to be on the royal seal of King George III in the 12th century, and his image continues to hold a place of honor on Georgia’s national emblem, underscoring the saint’s profound significance in both the spiritual and national consciousness of the Georgian people.
Georgians commemorate Saint George twice a year, on May 6 and November 23, though only the November observance is recognized as an official public holiday. According to Georgian tradition, Saint Nino, the woman credited with converting Georgia to Christianity in the 4th century, initiated the first celebration in Saint George’s honor. Some legends even suggest that Saint George and Saint Nino may have been related—possibly cousins—further intertwining their legacies within Georgian spiritual history.
On Giorgoba, church bells echo throughout the land as priests lead solemn liturgies, offering prayers to seek the blessing and protection of Saint George. Despite the day’s origins in commemoration of martyrdom, it is a joyous and vibrant celebration marked by gatherings of family and friends, abundant feasting, traditional music, dancing, and heartfelt expressions of faith and gratitude.