Shakhrisabz

Shakhrisabz, one of Uzbekistan’s most picturesque and vibrant cities, is located 80 kilometers south of Samarkand, beyond the alpine pass of Takhta-Karacha. No matter when you visit this ancient city, you will be captivated by its lush, green gardens and stunning scenery.

Despite its well-maintained modern appearance, it is hard to believe that Shakhrisabz is 2,700 years old and has played a pivotal role in the history of Central Asia. Once known as Kesh, Shakhrisabz was the capital of the ancient state of Sogd. It was a renowned center for culture, trade, and handicrafts. In 329 BC, Alexander the Great conquered the city, bringing Hellenistic culture and the worship of Greek gods to the area. Over the centuries, Shakhrisabz was ruled by various dynasties and in the 8th century, it became a focal point of resistance against Arab and Islamic influences.

Today, Shakhrisabz is perhaps best known for its association with Amir Temur (Tamerlane), who was born in the nearby village of Hodja-Ilgar. After becoming ruler, he transformed Shakhrisabz into his residence and ordered the construction of the Ak-Saray (White Palace). It was during his reign that the city’s name was changed from Kesh to Shakhrisabz, which means «Green City» in Persian.

The city is rich with architectural marvels, and its historic center is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Among the many attractions are the ruins of the Ak-Saray Palace, the Dorut Tilovat memorial complex, the Kok-Gumbaz Mosque, and several mausoleums including Dorus Siodat, Shamsad-Dina Kulyala, and Gumbazi-Seyidan. The city has long been committed to preserving these ancient monuments for future generations.

The economy of Shakhrisabz is largely based on cotton processing, food preservation, agricultural machinery manufacturing, and handicrafts. The city is famous for its unique carpet weaving, intricate embroidery, and tubeteikas (Uzbek caps). The local handicraft industry, enriched by the cultural influences of neighboring nations, has a long and distinguished history. Items crafted by local artisans often win awards at international exhibitions and festivals. Shakhrisabz is also renowned for its brand of wine, which has garnered first-place awards at international wine competitions.

Additionally, Shakhrisabz holds significant transport importance, as it is situated on the Great Uzbek Highway, which traces the route of the famous Italian traveler and trader Marco Polo.