Victory Day, celebrated on May 9, holds significant importance in Azerbaijan as it commemorates the victory of the Soviet Union over Nazi Germany during World War II. This day is observed widely across many post-Soviet republics, and Azerbaijan proudly participates in these commemorations. Approximately 600,000 to 800,000 Azerbaijani soldiers, representing nearly one-fifth of the population of Soviet Azerbaijan at the time, fought valiantly in the war. This public holiday serves as a poignant opportunity for the Azerbaijani people to honor the brave veterans who survived and to remember the countless soldiers who made the ultimate sacrifice.
Azerbaijan’s strategic significance during World War II cannot be overstated. With over 80% of the Soviet Union’s oil production concentrated near Baku, the region became a primary target for German forces. On September 25, 1942, the Nazis launched Operation Edelweiss, aiming to seize control of Baku and the vital oil fields of the Caucasus. Despite suffering heavy losses—over 100,000 soldiers—the Nazis were ultimately unable to capture the region, thanks in large part to the fierce resistance put up by Azerbaijani and Soviet troops.
In addition to fighting on the home front, Azerbaijani partisans also contributed to the war effort in various theaters, including France, Italy, Crimea, and Belarus. Memorials honoring Azerbaijani servicemen can be found throughout the former Soviet Union, particularly in Russian cities like Taganrog, Yalta, and Sevastopol. Notably, 128 Azerbaijani soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest honor bestowed in the Soviet military.
After Azerbaijan regained independence, May 9 was initially removed from the national calendar. However, in 1994, the significance of Victory Day was restored, and it has since been celebrated with reverence and pride. Today, the observance of Victory Day in Azerbaijan is marked by a variety of festive and solemn events that bring together communities in a spirit of remembrance.
On this day, wreaths and flowers are laid at various World War II memorials across the country, paying tribute to those who fought and fell in battle. Surviving veterans are warmly congratulated and honored by both government officials and citizens, reflecting a deep respect for their sacrifices. One of the highlights of the celebrations is the grand military parade held in Baku, the capital city. This impressive display features both army and naval forces, showcasing Azerbaijan’s military prowess and commitment to honoring its history.
The parade culminates in a spectacular fireworks display, illuminating the night sky and symbolizing the triumph of resilience and courage. The atmosphere is filled with patriotic fervor as families and friends gather to celebrate this important day, sharing stories of valor and sacrifice.